Quantum computing in the Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) era requires advanced emulation tools to support the development and validation of quantum algorithms, as current quantum devices remain noisy and resource-limited.
This work presents a benchmarking study of quantum emulation frameworks for high-performance computing (HPC) systems.
We perform a comparative performance analysis under three execution regimes: CPU, CPU-based parallelization, and GPU-based parallelization.
We evaluate four frameworks—QuEST, Qaptiva HPC, CUDA-Q, and PennyLane—across three platforms: the two HPC systems Spartan-Bull and Joliot-Curie TGCC, and the Bull Qaptiva 804 appliance.
Results indicate that quantum emulation performance is highly sensitive to hardware architecture and parallelization strategy, and that framework efficiency varies significantly across execution regimes.
